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€ million |
Obligations arising from sales |
Employee expenses |
Miscellaneous provisions |
Total | ||||
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Balance at Jan. 1, 2010 |
11,391 |
2,574 |
5,542 |
19,507 | ||||
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Foreign exchange differences |
237 |
36 |
215 |
488 | ||||
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Changes in consolidated Group |
57 |
7 |
34 |
98 | ||||
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Utilized |
4,520 |
1,156 |
1,363 |
7,039 | ||||
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Additions/New provisions |
5,955 |
1,791 |
3,134 |
10,880 | ||||
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Interest cost |
213 |
15 |
24 |
252 | ||||
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Reversals |
773 |
109 |
622 |
1,504 | ||||
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Balance at Dec. 31, 2010 |
12,561 |
3,158 |
6,964 |
22,683 | ||||
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of which current |
5,778 |
1,855 |
3,880 |
11,513 | ||||
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of which noncurrent |
6,783 |
1,303 |
3,084 |
11,170 | ||||
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Balance at Jan. 1, 2011 |
12,561 |
3,158 |
6,964 |
22,683 | ||||
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Foreign exchange differences |
21 |
–10 |
–96 |
–85 | ||||
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Changes in consolidated Group |
966 |
221 |
1,240 |
2,428 | ||||
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Utilized |
5,180 |
1,564 |
1,435 |
8,179 | ||||
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Additions/New provisions |
7,516 |
2,897 |
3,457 |
13,870 | ||||
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Interest cost |
118 |
11 |
20 |
148 | ||||
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Reversals |
632 |
190 |
1,030 |
1,852 | ||||
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Balance at Dec. 31, 2011 |
15,370 |
4,524 |
9,119 |
29,013 | ||||
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of which current |
7,398 |
2,682 |
5,732 |
15,812 | ||||
|
of which noncurrent |
7,972 |
1,842 |
3,387 |
13,201 |
The obligations arising from sales contain provisions covering all risks relating to the sale of vehicles, components and genuine parts through to the disposal of end-of-life vehicles. They primarily comprise warranty claims, calculated on the basis of losses to date and estimated future losses. They also include provisions for discounts, bonuses and similar allowances which are incurred after the balance sheet date, but for which there is a legal or constructive obligation attributable to sales revenue before the balance sheet date.
Provisions for employee expenses are recognized for long-service awards, time credits, the part-time scheme for employees near to retirement, severance payments and similar obligations, among other things.
Miscellaneous provisions relate to a wide range of identifiable specific risks and uncertain obligations, which are measured in the amount of the expected settlement value.
Miscellaneous provisions include technical provisions (insurance) amounting to €242 million (previous year: €184 million).
